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Автор	Тема: На: Ai Drew :: IJCAI 09 :: Междунар. ии конфа: Позднее лето-2009 - Коротко о Главном
Capt.Drew Сообщений: 4179	На: Ai Drew :: IJCAI 09 :: Междунар. ии конфа: Позднее лето-2009 - Коротко о Главном Добавлено: 21 авг 09 7:21 PART 5 MULTI - DISCIPLINARY _ TOPICS and APPLICATIONS 1376p [Ответ][Цитата]
Capt.Drew Сообщений: 4179	На: Ai Drew :: IJCAI 09 :: Междунар. ии конфа: Позднее лето-2009 - Коротко о Главном Добавлено: 21 авг 09 7:22 PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS: [Ответ][Цитата]
Capt.Drew Сообщений: 4179	На: Ai Drew :: IJCAI 09 :: Междунар. ии конфа: Позднее лето-2009 - Коротко о Главном Добавлено: 21 авг 09 7:22 PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS: =231=> 1377p Analysis of a Winning Computational Billiards Player, C. Archibald, Alon Altman, Y. Shoham, http://ijcai.org/papers09/Abstracts/231.html We discuss CueCard, the program that won the 2008 Computer Olympiad computational pool tournament. Beside addressing intrinsic interest in a complex competitive environment with unique features, our goal is to isolate the factors that contributed to the performance so that the lessons can be transferred to other, similar domains. Specifically, we distinguish among pure engineering factors (such as using a computer cluster), domain-specific factors (such as optimized break shots), and domain-independent factors (such as state clustering). Our conclusion is that each type of factor contributed to the performance of the program. text: http://ijcai.org/papers09/Papers/IJCAI09-231.pdf =============================================== PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS: =232=> 1383p Generalized Clustergrams for Overlapping Biclusters, Liviu Badea, http://ijcai.org/papers09/Abstracts/232.html Many real-life datasets, such as those produced by gene expression studies, exhibit complex substructures at various levels of granularity and thus do not have unique well-defined numbers of clusters. In such cases, it is important to be able to trace the evolution of the individual clusters as the number of dimensions of the clustering is varied. While the dendrograms produced by bottom-up clustering methods such as hierarchical clustering are very useful for this purpose, the approach is known to produce unreliable clusters due to its instability w.r.t. resampling. Moreover, hierarchical clustering does not apply to overlapping (bi)clusters, such as those obtained in gene expression studies. On the other hand, the instability w.r.t. the initialization of top-down methods, such as k-means, prevents the comparison between clusters obtained at different dimensionalities. In this paper, we present a method for constructing generalized dendrograms for overlapping biclusters, which depict the evolution of the biclusters as their number is varied. An essential ingredient is a stable biclustering method based on positive tensor factorization of a number of nonnegative matrix factorization runs. We apply our approach to a large colon cancer dataset, which shows several distinct subclasses whose dimensional evolution must be carefully analyzed to enable a more meaningful biological interpretation and sub-classification. text: http://ijcai.org/papers09/Papers/IJCAI09-232.pdf =============================================== PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS: =233=> 1389p Semi-Supervised Regression for Evaluating Convenience Store Location, Xinxin Bai, Gang Chen, Qiming Tian, Wenjun Yin, Jin Dong, http://ijcai.org/papers09/Abstracts/233.html Location plays a very important role in the retail business due to its huge and long-term investment. In this paper, we propose a novel semi-supervised regression model for evaluating convenience store location based on spatial data analysis. First, the input features for each convenience store can be extracted by analyzing the elements around it based on a geographic information system, and the turnover is used to evaluate its performance. Second, considering the practical application scenario, a manifold regularization model with one semi-supervised performance information constraint is provided. The promising experimental results in the real-world dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in performance prediction of certain candidate locations for new convenience store opening. txt: http://ijcai.org/papers09/Papers/IJCAI09-233.pdf [Ответ][Цитата]
Capt.Drew Сообщений: 4179	На: Ai Drew :: IJCAI 09 :: Междунар. ии конфа: Позднее лето-2009 - Коротко о Главном Добавлено: 21 авг 09 7:22 PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS: =234=> 1395p Using Entropy to Identify Shape and Text in Hand Drawn Diagrams, A. Bhat, TA Hammond, http://ijcai.org/papers09/Abstracts/234.html Most sketch recognition systems are accurate in recognizing either text or shape (graphic) ink strokes, but not both. Distinguishing between shape and text strokes is, therefore, a critical task in recognizing hand drawn digital ink diagrams which commonly contain many text labels and annotations. We have found the ‘entropy rate’ to be an accurate criterion of classification. We found that the entropy rate is significantly higher for text strokes compared to shape strokes and can serve as a distinguishing factor between the two. Using entropy values, our system produced a correct classification rate of 92.06% on test data belonging to diagrammatic domain for which the threshold was trained on. It also performed favorably on data for which no training examples at all were supplied. text: http://ijcai.org/papers09/Papers/IJCAI09-234.pdf =============================================== PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS: =235=> 1401p Combining Speech and Sketch to Interpret Unconstrained Descriptions of Mechanical Devices, David Tyler Bischel, Thomas F. Stahovich, Randall Davis, Aaron Adler, Eric J. Peterson, http://ijcai.org/papers09/Abstracts/235.html Mechanical design tools would be considerably more useful if we could interact with them in the way that human designers communicate design ideas to one another, i.e., using crude sketches and informal speech. Those crude sketches frequently contain pen strokes of two different sorts, one type portraying device structure, the other denoting gestures, such as arrows used to indicate motion. We report here on techniques we developed that use information from both sketch and speech to distinguish gesture strokes from non-gestures -- a critical first step in understanding a sketch of a device. We collected and analyzed unconstrained device descriptions, which revealed six common types of gestures. Guided by this knowledge, we developed a classifier that uses both sketch and speech features to distinguish gesture strokes from non-gestures. Experiments with our techniques indicate that the sketch and speech modalities alone produce equivalent classification accuracy, but combining them produces higher accuracy. text: http://ijcai.org/papers09/Papers/IJCAI09-235.pdf =============================================== PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS: =236=> 1407p Improving State Evaluation, Inference, and Search in Trick-Based Card Games, Michael Buro, Jeffrey Richard Long, Timothy Furtak, Nathan Sturtevant, http://ijcai.org/papers09/Abstracts/236.html Skat is Germany's national card game played by millions of players around the world. In this paper, we present the world's first computer skat player that plays at the level of human experts. This performance is achieved by improving state evaluations using game data produced by human players and by using these state evaluations to perform inference on the unobserved hands of opposing players. Our results demonstrate the gains from adding inference to an imperfect information game player and show that training on data from average human players can result in expert-level playing strength. text: http://ijcai.org/papers09/Papers/IJCAI09-236.pdf [Ответ][Цитата]
Capt.Drew Сообщений: 4179	На: Ai Drew :: IJCAI 09 :: Междунар. ии конфа: Позднее лето-2009 - Коротко о Главном Добавлено: 21 авг 09 7:22 PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS =237=> 1414p Suggesting Email View Filters for Triage and Search, Mark Dredze, Bill N. Schilit, Peter Norvig, http://ijcai.org/papers09/Abstracts/237.html Growing email volumes cause flooded inboxes and swelled email archives, making search and new email processing difficult. While emails have rich metadata, such as recipients and folders, suitable for creating filtered views, it is often difficult to choose appropriate filters for new inbox messages without first examining messages. In this work, we consider a system that automatically suggests relevant view filters to the user for the currently viewed messages. We propose several ranking algorithms for suggesting useful filters. Our work suggests that such systems quickly filter groups of inbox messages and find messages more easily during search. text: http://ijcai.org/papers09/Papers/IJCAI09-237.pdf =========================================== PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS: =238=> 1420p Sensing and Predicting the Pulse of the City through Shared Bicycling, Jon Edward Froehlich, Joachim Neumann, Nuria Oliver, http://ijcai.org/papers09/Abstracts/238.html City-wide urban infrastructures are increasingly reliant on network technology to improve and ex-pand their services. As a side effect of this digitali-zation, large amounts of data can be sensed and analyzed to uncover patterns of human behavior. In this paper, we focus on the digital footprints from one type of emerging urban infrastructure: shared bicycling systems. We provide a spatiotemporal analysis of 13 weeks of bicycle station usage from Barcelona's shared bicycling system, called Bicing. We apply clustering techniques to identify shared behaviors across stations and show how these behaviors relate to location, neighborhood, and time of day. We then compare experimental results from four predictive models of near-term station usage. Finally, we analyze the impact of factors such as time of day and station activity in the prediction capabilities of the algorithms. text: http://ijcai.org/papers09/Papers/IJCAI09-238.pdf =============================================== PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS: =239=> 1427p Topic Tracking Model for Analyzing Consumer Purchase Behavior, Tomoharu Iwata, Shinji Watanabe, Takeshi Yamada, Naonori Ueda, http://ijcai.org/papers09/Abstracts/239.html We propose a new topic model for tracking time-varying consumer purchase behavior, in which consumer interests and item trends change over time. The proposed model can adaptively track changes in interests and trends based on current purchase logs and previously estimated interests and trends. The online nature of the proposed method means we do not need to store past data for current inferences and so we can considerably reduce the computational cost and the memory requirement. We use real purchase logs to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of the prediction accuracy of purchase behavior and the computational cost of the inference. text: http://ijcai.org/papers09/Abstracts/239.html [Ответ][Цитата]
Capt.Drew Сообщений: 4179	На: Ai Drew :: IJCAI 09 :: Междунар. ии конфа: Позднее лето-2009 - Коротко о Главном Добавлено: 21 авг 09 7:22 PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS =240=> 1433p Interpreting Written How-To Instructions, Tessa Lau, Clemens Drews, Jeffrey W. Nichols, http://ijcai.org/papers09/Abstracts/240.html Written instructions are a common way of teaching people how to accomplish tasks on the web. However, studies have shown that written instructions are difficult to follow, even for experienced users. A system that understands human-written instructions could guide users through the process of following the directions, improving completion rates and enhancing the user experience. While general natural language understanding is extremely difficult, we believe that in the limited domain of how-to instructions it should be possible to understand enough to provide guided help in a mixed-initiative environment. Based on a qualitative analysis of instructions gathered for 43 web-based tasks, we have formalized the problem of understanding and interpreting how-to instructions. We compare three different approaches to interpreting instructions: a keyword-based interpreter, a grammar-based interpreter, and an interpreter based on machine learning and information extraction. Our empirical results demonstrate the feasibility of automated how-to instruction understanding. text: http://ijcai.org/papers09/Papers/IJCAI09-240.pdf =============================================== PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS: =241=> 1439p Is It Enough to Get the Behaviour Right? Hector Levesque, http://ijcai.org/papers09/Abstracts/241.html This paper deals with the relationship between intelligent behaviour, on the one hand, and the mental qualities needed to produce it, on the other. We consider two well-known opposing positions on this issue: one due to Alan Turing and one due to John Searle (via the Chinese Room). In particular, we argue against Searle, showing that his answer to the so-called System Reply does not work. The argument takes a novel form: we shift the debate to a different and more plausible room where the required conversational behaviour is much easier to characterize and to analyze. Despite being much simpler than the Chinese Room, we show that the behaviour there is still complex enough that it cannot be produced without appropriate mental qualities. text: http://ijcai.org/papers09/Papers/IJCAI09-241.pdf =============================================== PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS: =242=> 1445p Drosophila Gene Expression Pattern Annotation through Multi-Instance Multi-Label Learning, Ying-Xin Li, Shuiwang Ji, Sudhir Kumar, Jieping Ye, Zhi-Hua Zhou, http://ijcai.org/papers09/Abstracts/242.html The Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project (BDGP) has produced a large number of gene expression patterns, many of which have been annotated textually with anatomical and developmental terms. These terms spatially correspond to local regions of the images; however, they are attached collectively to groups of images, such that it is unknown which term is assigned to which region of which image in the group. This poses a challenge to the development of the computational method to automate the textual description of expression patterns contained in each image. In this paper, we show that the underlying nature of this task matches well with a new machine learning framework, Multi-Instance Multi-Label learning (MIML). We propose a new MIML support vector machine to solve the problems that beset the annotation task. Empirical study shows that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art Drosophila gene expression pattern annotation methods. text: http://ijcai.org/papers09/Papers/IJCAI09-242.pdf [Ответ][Цитата]
Capt.Drew Сообщений: 4179	На: Ai Drew :: IJCAI 09 :: Междунар. ии конфа: Позднее лето-2009 - Коротко о Главном Добавлено: 21 авг 09 7:22 PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS =243=> 1451p Expressive Power-Based Resource Allocation for Data Centers, Benjamin Lubin, Jeffrey O. Kephart, Rajarshi Das, David C. Parkes, http://ijcai.org/papers09/Abstracts/243.html As data-center energy consumption continues to rise, efficient power management is becoming increasingly important. In this work, we examine the use of a novel market mechanism for finding the right balance between power and performance. The market enables a separation between a `buyer side' that strives to maximize performance and a 'seller side' that strives to minimize power and other costs. A concise and scalable description language is defined for agent preferences that admits a mixed-integer program for computing optimal allocations. Experimental results demonstrate the robustness, flexibility, practicality and scalability of the architecture. text: http://ijcai.org/papers09/Papers/IJCAI09-243.pdf =============================================== PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS: =244=> 1457p Efficient Online Learning and Prediction of Users' Desktop Actions, Omid Madani, Hung Bui, Eric Yeh, http://ijcai.org/papers09/Abstracts/244.html We investigate prediction of users' desktop activities in the Unix domain. The learning techniques we explore do not require explicit user teaching. We show that simple efficient many-class learning can perform well for action prediction, significantly improving over previously published results and baselines. This finding is promising for various human-computer interaction scenarios where a rich set of potentially predictive features is available, where there can be many different actions to predict, and where there can be considerable nonstationarity. text: http://ijcai.org/papers09/Papers/IJCAI09-244.pdf =============================================== PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS: =245=> 1463p A Visual Approach to Sketched Symbol Recognition, Tom Y. Ouyang, Randall Davis, http://ijcai.org/papers09/Abstracts/245.html There is increasing interest in building systems that can automatically interpret hand-drawn sketches. However, many challenges remain in terms of recognition accuracy, robustness to different drawing styles, and ability to generalize across multiple domains. To address these challenges, we propose a new approach to sketched symbol recognition that focuses on the visual appearance of the symbols. This allows us to better handle the range of visual and stroke-level variations found in freehand drawings. We also present a new symbol classifier that is computationally efficient and invariant to rotation and local deformations. We show that our method exceeds state-of-the-art performance on all three domains we evaluated, including handwritten digits, PowerPoint shapes, and electrical circuit symbols. text: http://ijcai.org/papers09/Papers/IJCAI09-245.pdf [Ответ][Цитата]
Capt.Drew Сообщений: 4179	На: Ai Drew :: IJCAI 09 :: Междунар. ии конфа: Позднее лето-2009 - Коротко о Главном Добавлено: 21 авг 09 7:23 PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS =246=> 1469p Towards Context Aware Emotional Intelligence in Machines: Computing Contextual Appropriateness of Affective States, Michal Ptaszynski, Pawel Dybala, Wenhan Shi, Rafal Rzepka, Kenji Araki, http://ijcai.org/papers09/Abstracts/246.html This paper presents a novel approach to the estimation of user's affective states in Human-Computer Interaction. Most of the present approaches divide emotions strictly between positive or negative. However, recent discoveries in the field of Emotional Intelligence show that emotions should be rather perceived as context-sensitive engagements with the world. This leads to a need to specify whether the emotions conveyed in a conversation are appropriate for a situation they are expressed in. In the proposed method we use a system for affect analysis on textual input to recognize users’ emotions and a Web mining technique to verify the contextual appropriateness of those emotions. On this basis a conversational agent can choose to either sympathize with the user or help them manage their emotions. Finally, the results of evaluation of the proposed method with two different conversational agents are discussed, and perspectives for further development of the method are proposed. text: http://ijcai.org/papers09/Papers/IJCAI09-246.pdf =========================================== PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS: =247=> 1475p Representation and Synthesis of Melodic Expression, Christopher Raphael, http://ijcai.org/papers09/Abstracts/247.html A method for expressive melody synthesis is presented seeking to capture the prosodic (stress and directional) element of musical interpretation. An expressive performance is represented as a note-level annotation, classifying each note according to a small alphabet of symbols describing the role of the note within a larger context. An audio performance of the melody is represented in terms of two time-varying functions describing the evolving frequency and intensity. A method is presented that transforms the expressive annotation into the frequency and intensity functions, thus giving the audio performance. The problem of expressive rendering is then cast as estimation of the most likely sequence of hidden variables corresponding to the prosodic annotation. Examples are presented on a dataset of around 50 folk-like melodies, realized both from hand-marked and estimated annotations. text: http://ijcai.org/papers09/Papers/IJCAI09-247.pdf [Ответ][Цитата]
Capt.Drew Сообщений: 4179	На: Ai Drew :: IJCAI 09 :: Междунар. ии конфа: Позднее лето-2009 - Коротко о Главном Добавлено: 21 авг 09 7:23 PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS =248=> 1481p Simultaneous Discovery of Conservation Laws and Hidden Particles with Smith Matrix Decomposition, Oliver Schulte, http://ijcai.org/papers09/Abstracts/248.html Particle physics experiments, like the Large Hadron Collider in Geneva, can generate thousands of data points listing detected particle reactions. An important learning task is to analyze the reaction data for evidence of conserved quantities and hidden particles. This task involves latent structure in two ways: first, hypothesizing hidden quantities whose conservation determines which reactions occur, and second, hypothesizing the presence of hidden particles. We model this problem in the classic linear algebra framework of automated scientific discovery due to Valdes-Perez, Zytkow and Simon, where both reaction data and conservation laws are represented as matrices. We introduce a new criterion for selecting a matrix model for reaction data: find hidden particles and conserved quantities that rule out as many interactions among the nonhidden particles as possible. A polynomial-time algorithm for optimizing this criterion is based on the new theorem that hidden particles are required if and only if the Smith Normal Form of the reaction matrix R contains entries other than 0 or 1. To our knowledge this is the first application of Smith matrix decomposition to a problem in AI. Using data from particle accelerators, we compare our algorithm to the main model of particles in physics, known as the Standard Model: our algorithm discovers conservation laws that are equivalent to those in the Standard Model, and indicates the presence of a hidden particle (the electron antineutrino) in accordance with the Standard Model. text: http://ijcai.org/papers09/Papers/IJCAI09-248.pdf =============================================== PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS: =249=> 1488p Learning to Follow Navigational Route Instructions[/b], Nobuyuki Shimizu, Andrew Haas, http://ijcai.org/papers09/Abstracts/249.html We have developed a simulation model that accepts instructions in unconstrained natural language, and then guides a robot to the correct destination. The instructions are segmented on the basis of the actions to be taken, and each segment is labeled with the required action. This flat formulation reduces the problem to a sequential labeling task, to which machine learning methods are applied. We propose an innovativemachine learningmethod for explicitly modeling the actions described in instructions and integrating learning and inference about the physical environment. We obtained a corpus of 840 route instructions that experimenters verified as follow-able, given by people in building navigation situations. Using the four-fold cross validation, our experiments showed that the simulated robot reached the correct destination 88% of the time. text: http://ijcai.org/papers09/Papers/IJCAI09-249.pdf [Ответ][Цитата]
Capt.Drew Сообщений: 4179	На: Ai Drew :: IJCAI 09 :: Междунар. ии конфа: Позднее лето-2009 - Коротко о Главном Добавлено: 21 авг 09 7:23 PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS 1494p Efficient Dominant Point Algorithms for the Multiple Longest Common Subsequence(MLCS) Problem, Qingguo Wang, Dmitry Korkin, Yi Shang, http://ijcai.org/papers09/Abstracts/250.html Finding the longest common subsequence of multiple strings is a classical computer science problem and has many applications in the areas of bioinformatics and computational genomics. In this paper, we present a new sequential algorithm for the general case of MLCS problem, and its parallel realization. The algorithm is based on the dominant point approach and employs a fast divide-and-conquer technique to compute the dominant points. When applied to find a MLCS of 3 strings, our general algorithm is shown to exhibit the same performance as the best existing MLCS algorithm by Hakata and Imai, designed specifically for the case of 3 strings. Moreover, we show that for a general case of more than 3 strings, the algorithm is significantly faster than the best existing sequential approaches, reaching up to 2-3 orders of magnitude faster on the large-size problems. Finally, we propose a parallel implementation of the algorithm. Evaluating the parallel algorithm on a benchmark set of both random and biological sequences reveals a near-linear speed-up with respect to the sequential algorithm. text: http://ijcai.org/papers09/Papers/IJCAI09-250.pdf [Ответ][Цитата]
Capt.Drew Сообщений: 4179	На: Ai Drew :: IJCAI 09 :: Междунар. ии конфа: Позднее лето-2009 - Коротко о Главном Добавлено: 21 авг 09 7:23 PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS... [Ответ][Цитата]
Capt.Drew Сообщений: 4179	На: Ai Drew :: IJCAI 09 :: Междунар. ии конфа: Позднее лето-2009 - Коротко о Главном Добавлено: 21 авг 09 7:23 PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS... [Ответ][Цитата]
Capt.Drew Сообщений: 4179	На: Ai Drew :: IJCAI 09 :: Междунар. ии конфа: Позднее лето-2009 - Коротко о Главном Добавлено: 21 авг 09 7:24 PART-5 MULTIDISCIPLINARY TOPICS and APPLICATIONS... [Ответ][Цитата]
Capt.Drew Сообщений: 4179	На: Ai Drew :: IJCAI 09 :: Междунар. ии конфа: Позднее лето-2009 - Коротко о Главном Добавлено: 21 авг 09 7:24 [Ответ][Цитата]
Capt.Drew Сообщений: 4179	На: Ai Drew :: IJCAI 09 :: Междунар. ии конфа: Позднее лето-2009 - Коротко о Главном Добавлено: 21 авг 09 7:24 [Ответ][Цитата]
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